Measure the battery voltage.
Solar panel low amperage.
So if output voltage is 12v then the current will be i 200 12 16 7a.
For example if the solar panel is rated at 175 watts and the maximum power voltage vmp is given as 23 6 volts then calculate the current as 175 watts divided by 23 6 volts which is equal to.
Measure the solar panel controller output voltage try to get maximum voltage by angling the panels.
Short the panel and measure your isc in noon time sun use a 10 amp dmm or use a dc current clamp type meter.
Some exceptions may apply based on panel type.
It may be that you can never get more than 12 13v.
For the sake of example if you are getting 5 hours of direct sunlight per day in a sunny state like california you can calculate your solar panel output this way.
Since solar panel is a dc source the current formula will be i p v.
If it is proceed.
100 watts 17 5 volt vmp 5 7 amps imp.
Connect the ve solar controller output lead to the ve battery terminal.
Hopefully it is less than the solar panel controller output voltage.
When solar panels are wired in series the voltage of the panels adds together but the amperage remains the same.
Some gives 15v some gives 12v and some gives 18v.
And running 50 feet one way run at 4 amps on 10 awg the voltage drop would be.
Open circuit voltage can vary depending on your solar panel but the readings we are usually looking for are in the range of 15 to 23v.
Nominally a 100 watt panel would probably have.
5 hours x 290 watts an example wattage of a premium solar panel 1 450 watts hours or roughly 1 5 kilowatt hours kwh.